How to Write Abstract for Academic Research Paper | Delhi, Chandigarh, Dehradun, India

An abstract summarizes, typically in one paragraph of three hundred words or less, the foremost aspects of the complete paper in a very prescribed sequence that includes:

1) the general purpose of the study and therefore the analysis problem(s) you investigated.

2) The fundamental style of the study.

3) Major findings or trends found as a results of your analysis.

4) A quick outline of your interpretations and conclusions.

Importance of Good Abstract

Sometimes your academic can raise you to incorporate AN abstract or general outline of your work, together with your analysis paper. The abstract permits you to elaborate upon every major side of the paper and helps scanners decide whether or not they wish to read the remainder of the paper. Therefore, enough key data [e.g., outline results, observations, trends, etc.] should be enclosed to form the abstract helpful to somebody who might want to reference your work.

How does one recognize once you have enough data in your abstract? A straightforward rule-of-thumb is to imagine that you simplify square measure another scientist doing the same study. Then raise yourself: if your abstract was the sole a part of the paper you may access, would you be proud of the number of knowledge bestowed there? Will it tell the total story concerning your study? If the solution is "no" then the abstract doubtless has to be revised.

 Style and Writing Style

Types of Abstract

Critical Abstract >>A vital abstract provides, additionally to describing main findings and knowledge, a judgment or comment concerning the study’s validity, responsibility, or completeness. The scientist evaluates the paper and sometimes compares it with alternative works on identical subject. Vital abstracts square measure usually 400-500 words long because of the extra informative statement. These styles of abstracts square measure used occasionally.

2. Descriptive Abstract >> A descriptive abstract indicates the kind of knowledge found within the work. It makes no judgments concerning the work, nor will it offer results or conclusions of the analysis. It will incorporate keywords found within the text and will embrace the aim, methods, and scope of the analysis. Primarily, the descriptive abstract solely describes the work being abstracted. Some researchers think about it an overview of the work, instead of an outline. Descriptive abstracts square measure typically terribly short, one hundred words or less.

3. Informative Abstract >> the bulk of abstracts square measure informative. Whereas they still don't critique or assess a piece, they are doing over describe it. An honest informative abstract acts as a surrogate for the work itself. That is, the scientist presents and explains all the most arguments and therefore the necessary results and proof within the paper. AN informative abstract includes the data that may be found in a very descriptive abstract [purpose, methods, scope] it however additionally includes the results and conclusions of the analysis and therefore the recommendations of the author. The length varies in line with discipline; however AN informative abstract is never over three hundred words long.

4.    Highlight Abstract
A highlight abstract is specifically written to attract the reader’s attention to the study. No pretence is made of there being either a balanced or complete picture of the paper and, in fact, incomplete and leading remarks may be used to spark the reader’s interest. In that a highlight abstract cannot stand independent of its associated article, it is not a true abstract and, therefore, rarely used in academic writing.

Writing Style

Use the voice once attainable, however note that a lot of of your abstract could need passive sentence constructions. Regardless, write your abstract victimisation epigrammatic, however complete, sentences. Get to the purpose quickly and forever uses the past as a result of you’re coverage on analysis that has been completed.

Although it's the primary section of your paper, the abstract, by definition, ought to be written last since it'll summarize the contents of your entire paper. To start composing your abstract, take whole sentences or key phrases from every section and place them in a very sequence that summarizes the paper. 

The abstract SHOULD NOT contain:

• Lengthy background data,
• References to alternative literature [say one thing like, "current analysis shows that..." or "studies have indicated..."],
• Using elliptical [i.e., ending with "..."] or incomplete sentences,
• Abbreviations, jargon, or terms that will be confusing to the reader, and
• Any form of image, illustration, figure, or table, or references to them.
  

Types of Data Analysis for Research Paper, Academic Students Delhi, India, Chandigarh

There are several types of data analysis techniques that exist based on business and technology. The major types of data analysis are:

1. Text Analysis
2. Statistical Analysis
3. Diagnostic Analysis
4. Predictive Analysis
5. Prescriptive Analysis

1) Text Analysis

Text Analysis is also referred to as Data Mining. It is a method to discover a pattern in large data sets using databases or data mining tools. It used to transform raw data into business information. Business Intelligence tools are present in the market which is used to take strategic business decisions. Overall it offers a way to extract and examine data and deriving patterns and finally interpretation of the data.

2) Statistical Analysis

Statistical Analysis shows "What happen?" by using past data in the form of dashboards. Statistical Analysis includes collection, Analysis, interpretation, presentation, and modeling of data. It analyses a set of data or a sample of data. There are two categories of this type of Analysis - Descriptive Analysis and Inferential Analysis.

3) Descriptive Analysis

Descriptive analyses complete data or a sample of summarized numerical data. It shows mean and deviation for continuous data whereas percentage and frequency for categorical data.

4) Inferential Analysis

Inferential analyses sample from complete data. In this type of Analysis, you can find different conclusions from the same data by selecting different samples.

5) Diagnostic Analysis

Diagnostic Analysis shows "Why did it happen?" by finding the cause from the insight found in Statistical Analysis. This Analysis is useful to identify behavior patterns of data. If a new problem arrives in your business process, then you can look into this Analysis to find similar patterns of that problem. And it may have chances to use similar prescriptions for the new problems.

6) Predictive Analysis

Predictive Analysis shows "what is likely to happen" by using previous data. The simplest example is like if last year I bought two dresses based on my savings and if this year my salary is increasing double then I can buy four dresses. But of course it's not easy like this because you have to think about other circumstances like chances of prices of clothes is increased this year or maybe instead of dresses you want to buy a new bike, or you need to buy a house!

So here, this Analysis makes predictions about future outcomes based on current or past data. Forecasting is just an estimate. Its accuracy is based on how much detailed information you have and how much you dig in it.

7) Prescriptive Analysis

Prescriptive Analysis combines the insight from all previous Analysis to determine which action to take in a current problem or decision. Most data-driven companies are utilizing Prescriptive Analysis because predictive and descriptive Analysis are not enough to improve data performance. Based on current situations and problems, they analyze the data and make decisions.

Contact us for best data analysis assistance for research paper, researchers and academic students in Delhi, Chandigarh, India

types of research Delhi, India, Chandigarh

Research is a logical and systematic search for new and useful information on a particular topic. Research is important both in scientific and nonscientific fields. In our life new problems, events, phenomena and processes occur every day. Practically, implementable solutions and suggestions are required for tackling new problems that arise. Scientists have to undertake research on them and find their causes, solutions, explanations and applications.

The research is broadly classified into two main classes:

 1. Fundamental or basic research and

2. Applied research.

Basic and applied researches are generally of two kinds: normal research and revolutionary research. In any particular field, normal research is performed in accordance with a set of rules, concepts and procedures called a paradigm, which is well accepted by the scientists working in that field. In addition, the basic and applied researches can be quantitative or qualitative or even both (mixed research).

1. Fundamental or basic research:

Basic research is an investigation on basic principles and reasons for occurrence of a particular event or process or phenomenon. It is also called theoretical research. Study or investigation of some natural phenomenon or relating to pure science is termed as basic research. Basic researches sometimes may not lead to immediate use or application. It is not concerned with solving any practical problems of immediate interest. But it is original or basic in character. It provides a systematic and deep insight into a problem and facilitates extraction of scientific and logical explanation and conclusion on it. It helps build new frontiers of knowledge. The outcomes of basic research form the basis for many applied research.

 Basic research

• Seeks generalization
• Aims at basic processes
• Attempts to explain why things happen
• Tries to get all the facts
• Reports in technical language of the topic

2. Applied research:

In an applied research one solves certain problems employing well known and accepted theories and principles. Most of the experimental research, case studies and inter-disciplinary research are essentially applied research. Applied research is helpful for basic research. A research, the outcome of which has immediate application is also termed as applied research. Such a research is of practical use to current activity.

Applied research

• Studies individual or specific cases without the objective to generalize
• Aims at any variable which makes the desired difference
• Tries to say how things can be changed
• Tries to correct the facts which are problematic
• Reports in common language

Basic and applied research, further divided into three types of research bearing some characteristics feature as follows:

Quantitative research

• It is numerical, non-descriptive, applies statistics or mathematics and uses numbers.
• It is an iterative process whereby evidence is evaluated.
• The results are often presented in tables and graphs.
• It is conclusive.
• It investigates the what, where and when of decision making.

Qualitative research

• It is non-numerical, descriptive, applies reasoning and uses words.
• Its aim is to get the meaning, feeling and describe the situation.
• Qualitative data cannot be graphed.
• It is exploratory.
• It investigates the why and how of decision making.

Mixed research

Mixed research involves the mixing of quantitative and qualitative methods or paradigm characteristics. Nature of data is mixture of variables, words and images.

Contact us for best research paper proofreading services for academic graduate and postgraduate students Delhi, Chandigarh and India